Analyse des sentiments : système autonome d'exploration des opinions exprimées dans les critiques cinématographiques.

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Dziczkowski, Grzegorz (2008) Analyse des sentiments : système autonome d'exploration des opinions exprimées dans les critiques cinématographiques. Doctorat Informatique temps réel, robotique et automatique, CRI- Centre de Recherche en Informatique, ENSMP p.156.

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Résumé

Cette thèse décrit l'étude et le développement d'un système conçu pour l'évaluation des sentiments des critiques cinématographiques. Un tel système permet : - la recherche automatique des critiques sur Internet, - l'évaluation et la notation des opinions des critiques cinématographiques, - la publication des résultats. Afin d'améliorer les résultats d'application des algorithmes prédicatifs, l'objectif de ce système est de fournir un système de support pour les moteurs de prédiction analysant les profils des utilisateurs. Premièrement, le système recherche et récupère les probables critiques cinématographiques de l'Internet, en particulier celles exprimées par les commentateurs prolifiques. Par la suite, le système procède à une évaluation et à une notation de l'opinion exprimée dans ces critiques cinématographiques pour automatiquement associer une note numérique à chaque critique ; tel est l'objectif du système. La dernière étape est de regrouper les critiques (ainsi que les notes) avec l'utilisateur qui les a écrites afin de créer des profils complets, et de mettre à disposition ces profils pour les moteurs de prédictions. Pour le développement de ce système, les travaux de recherche de cette thèse portaient essentiellement sur la notation des sentiments ; ces travaux s'insérant dans les domaines de opinion mining et d'analyse des sentiments. Notre système utilise trois méthodes différentes pour le classement des opinions. Nous présentons deux nouvelles méthodes ; une fondée sur les connaissances linguistiques et une fondée sur la limite de traitement statistique et linguistique. Les résultats obtenus sont ensuite comparés avec la méthode statistique basée sur le classificateur de Bayes, largement utilisée dans le domaine. Il est nécessaire ensuite de combiner les résultats obtenus, afin de rendre l'évaluation finale aussi précise que possible. Pour cette tâche nous avons utilisé un quatrième classificateur basé sur les réseaux de neurones. Notre notation des sentiments à savoir la notation des critiques est effectuée sur une échelle de 1 à 5. Cette notation demande une analyse linguistique plus profonde qu'une notation seulement binaire : positive ou négative, éventuellement subjective ou objective, habituellement utilisée. Cette thèse présente de manière globale tous les modules du système conçu et de manière plus détaillée la partie de notation de l'opinion. En particulier, nous mettrons en évidence les avantages de l'analyse linguistique profonde moins utilisée dans le domaine de l'analyse des sentiments que l'analyse statistique.

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